HVAC Packaged Unit vs. Split System: Differences, benefits, and how to choose.

HVAC, which stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning, is essential for maintaining indoor comfort throughout the year.  

There are two primary types of HVAC systems, each with distinct advantages based on configuration and performance. However, both serve the same fundamental purpose—cooling and heating your home.  

A packaged unit is an all-in-one system, ideal for homes without crawl spaces, as it houses all components in a single outdoor unit. On the other hand, a split system consists of separate indoor and outdoor units, making it suitable for homes with more available indoor space. The best choice depends on your home's layout and specific heating and cooling needs.

What Is an HVAC Packaged Unit?  

If your home lacks a crawlspace or basement, an HVAC packaged unit may be the ideal solution.  

A packaged HVAC unit combines all essential components—evaporator coil, condenser, and compressor—into a single metal cabinet, eliminating the need for indoor space. This compact system is typically installed on the roof or mounted on a concrete slab outside the home.  

Ductwork connects the outdoor unit to various rooms, ensuring efficient airflow. While the cabinet is located outside, the system's functions are controlled indoors. Some packaged units also feature a built-in natural gas furnace or electric heating coils for additional warmth.  

In summary, a packaged HVAC unit consolidates all central air system components into one outdoor unit, making it an excellent choice for homes with limited indoor space or no underground storage areas.

What Is an HVAC Split System?  

An HVAC split system is designed for homes with ample indoor space to accommodate large cabinets.  

In this system, the condenser and compressor are housed in an outdoor unit, while the evaporator coil is located inside a separate indoor cabinet. An air handler distributes the cooled air through the ductwork, ensuring even airflow throughout the home.  

A line set, which consists of copper tubing, connects the indoor and outdoor components, allowing refrigerant to circulate and efficiently transfer heat, keeping your home comfortable year-round.

Benefits of Each HVAC System  

Both packaged and split HVAC systems offer unique advantages. The right choice depends on your home’s layout and space availability.  

HVAC Packaged Unit  

- Higher Efficiency – Packaged units are factory-assembled, making them more efficient than some split systems.  

- Easier Installation – Since all components are housed in a single unit, installation is simpler, more versatile, and often less expensive.  

- Space-Saving Design – Requires less indoor space, making it ideal for homes without basements or crawlspaces.  

- Minimal Refrigerant Lines – With everything contained in one unit, there’s no need for additional refrigerant piping.  

- Quiet Operation – Since the unit is placed outside, indoor noise is significantly reduced.  

- SEER Rating – Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio typically ranges from 13 to 18, ensuring good energy performance.

HVAC Split System

- More Efficient - The SEER rating for split systems is typically 25 or above, which is much better than package systems.

- Customizable - Because there are two components to a split system, placement is more flexible than a large HVAC packaged unit.

- Lower Maintenance - For ductless mini-split systems, the maintenance costs are much lower than any other central air system.

- Value-adding - The energy efficiency of HVAC split systems is so high it has the potential to add resale value to your home.

Considerations for Different Types of HVAC Systems  

Each HVAC system has its own set of factors to consider before installation.  

HVAC Packaged Unit  

- Roof Installation – If the condenser unit is placed on the roof, improper installation can lead to leaks and structural issues.  

- Exposure to Elements – Since part of the system is outdoors, it is more vulnerable to weather-related wear and animal intrusion. Animals may seek shelter inside the unit, causing potential damage.  

- Lifespan – Packaged units are more susceptible to rust, which can shorten their operational lifespan.  

HVAC Split System  

- Proper Installation is Crucial – Poor installation can significantly reduce the system’s efficiency and overall performance.  

- Higher Labor Costs – Split systems require more complex installation, leading to higher labor expenses.  

- Potential for Leaks – With more components and connections, split systems have a greater risk of inefficiencies due to cracks, poor ductwork, and other structural issues.  

How to Choose the Right HVAC System  

Selecting the right central air and heating HVAC system depends on several key factors.  

1. Do You Already Have an Existing System?  

If you already have a specific type of HVAC system, it's often best to stick with it. Switching to a different type can be costly due to installation and structural modifications, potentially outweighing any cost-saving benefits.  

2. Home Size and Layout  

- Smaller Homes – A packaged unit is the ideal choice, as all components are housed outside. This is especially beneficial if you have limited indoor storage space.  

- Larger Homes or Homes with a Basement/Crawlspace – A split system is the better option, as you have the necessary indoor space to accommodate its components, improving efficiency and accessibility.